Nikolaus August Otto was a German inventor who in 1876 created the combustion engine with four-drive, the kind used by millions of people who made since then until now. The burning of the inside of the machine is a result of careful thought and good. It used to drive a motor boat and motorcycle. He is used in various industries, and are also things that can not be separated with the invention of aircraft. (Until mengudaranya jet-engined aircraft in 1939, essentially all driven aircraft with a burner that works according to the design of Otto). But most important of what is important is its use in automobile engine movement.
Many experiments carried out to make the car before Otto creating machine. Some of the inventors, such as Siegfried Marcus (1875), Etienne Lenoir (1862), and Nicolas Joseph Cugnot (around 1769), has managed to make a model that can move. However, due to shortages on the type of machines - that can combine between lightness and high speed - none of the models that have a practical meaning to use. However, within a period of fifteen years since Otto creates combustion engine with four drive, two different inventor, Karl Benz and Gottlieb Daimler, each individually make cars that are practical and salable in the market. But, obviously, millions of cars in the last century 99% use a combustion engine with four impulse.
The invention generally provide opportunities for the benefit of humanity. Harm due to the spread of private cars there are also clear. Noise arises, arises pollution (contamination) of air, there was shrinking fuel source, melonjaklah deaths each year, at least defective. However, concurrent with that also, we will never have the presumption to let the car grow if it had not brought big profits. Flexible personal car use, more infinite than public transport. Unlike trains, either above or below ground, vehicles can be used when a private car rather, to serve the business from door to door. Fast, fun, useful for transportation. The presentation may not be limited to where we want to be and how we want to use the time, by itself increase personal freedom.
For how much profit and loss caused by private cars is debatable, no one can deny that the car carrying a big influence for our civilization. The car owners have a range of motion and greater facility than without it. Car expanding possibilities of choices where we have to work and where we should be. Thanks to the car, which had been avail-profit can only tasted the city can now also enjoy rural population. (This may be a major cause of rural development in recent decades, and also related to the declining number of small towns in the United States).
Nikolaus August Otto was born in 1832 in the town of Holzhausen, Germany. His father died when he was a kid. He's a good school, but dropped out of school when sixteen years old, started working and had business experience. Soon he was working at the grocery store in a small town, then became clerk in Frankfurt. After that he became traveling salesman, jumping from place to place hawking merchandise. Around the year 1860 Otto to the news of the discovery of gas engine driven by Etienne Lenoir (1822-1900), the first combustion engine that can move. Otto realized, if only Lenoir engine can use liquid fuel, it must be more efficient, because they do not need anymore about exhaust gas. Otto then designed a carburetor, but his creation is rejected by the patent office because of similar devices have been contrived people.
Otto pursue perfection Lenoir's creation. In 1861 it occurred to him the idea of a new model of the basic machine that moves on the basis of four rounds encouragement. Month January 1862 Otto making machine. But he faces various obstacles difficulties, especially in terms of combustion to mempraktiskan machine. Soon this job abandonment. Instead, he developed what is called "air machine" as a refinement step with the two impulse engines driven by gas. She patented in 1863 and shortly afterwards to a partner, Eugene Langen, who mencukonginya. They make a small factory and continue the improvement of engine design. In 1867 two machine encouragement to medal in the "World Fair" in Paris. After that the company's sales and profits soar abundant. In 1872 he was hired Gottlieb Daimler, a brilliant engineer who had plenty of experience in factory management to facilitate the production of the engine.
Otto engine used by auto pioneer Gottlieb Daimler and Karl Benz. Daimler's first car powered six horse power sold to the Prince Wales.Mobil 'Benzine Buggy "patented in 1895. Despite the benefits achieved by selling the machine with two drive was nice, Otto can not escape from his dream of making a machine with four drive that compresses a mixture of oil and air before the combustion engine will be an improvement Lenoir. The first model of this engine produced in May 1876 and obtained a patent a year later. The advantage is clear, because it quickly it can market. More than 30,000 machines sold within ten years and all engine versions Lenoir excluded entirely. Patents Otto is a case in 1886. A French Alphonse Beau de Rochas had a similar idea in 1862 and has been patent. Therefore, instead of Otto loses its patent rights, even the engine market craze. When Otto died in 1891 he was in a state success.
Meanwhile in 1882, Gottlieb Daimler broke away from the company, because he took the decision would memprodusir engines for bicycles. By 1883, he succeeded in creating a machine with complete combustion systems, capable of moving the machine with the speed of 700-900 rounds per minute. (Machine Model Otto on top speed of 180-200 revolutions per minute). Daimler trying desperately to make engines for bicycles, which means the world's first motorcycle. The next year Daimler made the first fourth-wheel car. No warning, Karl Benz three-wheeler menggebraknya make a few months before him. Benz cars, as well as the Daimler, driven by the engine version of Otto. Benz Cars can drive in the engine speed below 400 revolutions per minute, this is sufficient to be considered a practical car. Benz continued to refine his car diligently and successfully to market in recent years. Gottlieb Daimler began marketing the car a little further back than Benz and he was successful.
Combustion engines in cars is a very important discovery. From all these discoveries Otto is very very important. Development is markedly Otto brings perfection. Prior to 1876, when Otto created the engine, improvements to the car that practically almost impossible. After 1876, it opened the possibility. By itself, Nikolaus August Otto could not but was one change to the modern world.
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